Trifon Zarezan: Bulgaria’s Celebration of Vine and Tradition

Every February, Bulgaria bursts into a lively celebration of wine, culture, and tradition with Trifon Zarezan—a holiday dedicated to vine-growers, winemakers, and the spirit of the vineyard. Rooted in centuries-old customs, this day is a fascinating mix of folklore, rituals, and joyful gatherings that showcase Bulgaria’s deep connection to its land and wine.

Trifon Zarezan is celebrated on February 14th according to the Eastern Orthodox calendar. The holiday honors Saint Tryphon, considered the patron of vine-growers and gardens. The name “Zarezan” comes from the Bulgarian verb rezat, meaning “to cut,” referring to the ritual pruning of vines—a symbolic act believed to ensure a fruitful harvest.  

The tradition has ancient roots, combining pagan agricultural rites with Christian saint veneration. In the past, villagers would perform blessings of the vineyard, cut the first vine shoots, and pour wine over the roots to encourage fertility and growth. Over time, these customs merged with folk songs, dances, and feasts, creating the vibrant holiday Bulgarians celebrate today.  

The core of Trifon Zarezan revolves around the pruning of the vines. Villagers or vineyard owners gather in vineyards with ceremonial knives, cutting the first shoots and often tying ribbons or coins to the branches for luck. A local priest or elder may bless the vineyard, sprinkling wine to ensure the coming year’s harvest is bountiful.  

Other customs include:

Wine Tasting and Blessings: Wine is tasted, blessed, and shared among friends and neighbors. It’s a day when even non-vineyard owners celebrate with a glass in hand.

Songs and Dancing: Folk music accompanies the festivities, with traditional dances that have been performed for generations.

Community Feasts: Families gather to enjoy hearty dishes, often paired with local wine. In some regions, meat, especially pork, is a highlight of the celebration.

“Cutting the First Vine” Competitions: In some towns, the best vine pruner is honored, showcasing both skill and dedication.

The holiday is a perfect reflection of Bulgaria’s rich viticultural heritage—the country is home to some of the oldest cultivated vineyards in Europe—and a testament to the enduring power of community, ritual, and celebration.  

Today, Trifon Zarezan is celebrated both in villages and cities. While vineyards still hold the heart of the tradition, urban Bulgarians often take part through wine tastings, cultural events, and festivals. It has even become intertwined with Valentine’s Day, adding a romantic twist for couples to celebrate with wine and love.